Check that all control panels and indicators are functioning properly: Before starting, confirm that the power, oil pressure, and water temperature lights on the instrument panel are lighting normally, that the tachometer and pressure gauge indicators are returning to zero and operating smoothly, and that the indicators on function buttons like drilling and lifting are responding promptly to avoid misjudging the equipment status due to indicator malfunctions.
Verify that the hydraulic and pneumatic systems are leak-free: Visually inspect for oil stains and air sounds, using soapy water as an auxiliary inspection if necessary. Leaks must be addressed promptly.
Check for loose fasteners on the drilling rig: chassis bolts, outriggers, boom, power head, and other key load-bearing components.
Observe the drilling rig for abnormal operating sounds and vibrations: Listen for any unusual noises from the engine and hydraulic pump, and feel for even vibrations from the machine body. If any abnormalities occur, stop the rig immediately for inspection.
2. Regular Inspection:
Check the drill rig’s lubrication system, including the oil level, oil quality, and lubrication point blockages. Verify the oil level in the power unit gearbox is between “MIN” and “MAX” using the oil dipstick. Replace the oil if it appears dark and turbid. Use a grease gun to check lubrication points. Clean or replace any clogged nozzles.
Check the cooling system to ensure it’s functioning effectively and check that the radiator is clean. Utilize compressed air to clear away dust and lint from both the engine radiator and hydraulic oil radiator, which will guarantee adequate heat dissipation and prevent oil and water temperatures from becoming too high. Check the coolant level and antifreeze ratio. (*Avoid directing high-pressure water onto electrical and bearing areas.)
Check the degree of wear on the drill pipe, drill bit, and other drilling implements. Check the drill pipe for bends or cracks, rolling it to check for straightness if necessary. Check the drill bit teeth for wear or cracks. Clean the chip chute to prevent debris from clogging the circulation system.
3. Maintenance:
Change the engine oil and filter according to the manufacturer’s instructions (usually after the first maintenance 50 hours, and every 200–250 hours thereafter). Drain the old oil while it’s still hot to remove impurities.
Clean or replace the hydraulic oil and hydraulic filter: Hydraulic oil should be changed according to the manufacturer’s specified interval (generally every 1000–2000 hours), and the filter every 300–500 hours. Clean the oil tank sediment regularly.
Carry out inspection and maintenance on the electrical system, which includes cables, plugs, and contactors. Check cables for any damage or signs of aging, and wipe away the oxide layer from plug connectors. Have a professional electrician regularly inspect the contactors and relays in the electrical control box, replace them if necessary, and ensure proper waterproofing.
Check and adjust belt and chain tension: Press the center of the drive belt, generally maintaining a deflection of 10–20 mm. Tighten the chain and lubricate it. Replace it if it is severely worn.
4. Functional Testing:
Regularly test all functions of the drilling rig, including starting, stopping, drilling, lifting, and rotation. Under no-load conditions, test the forward and reverse rotation of the power head, the forward and reverse rotation of the propulsion mechanism, and the hoist during lifting and lowering to ensure smooth operation without abnormal vibration or slippage, and prompt operational response without noticeable lag. If necessary, check the air/slurry supply system and the hydraulic pressure regulation function.
Check the emergency stop button and other devices for proper operation: Press the emergency stop button to ensure that all operations immediately cease. Test the activation of protective devices using manufacturer-recommended safety measures (such as limit switches or pressure threshold settings).
5. Structural Inspection:
Inspect the structural components of the drilling rig for cracks, deformation, or wear. In particular, inspect the welds of the drill frame for cracks (visual inspection and, if necessary, tapping and listening). Minor deformation should be stopped and corrected. Severe deformation or cracks must be addressed by the manufacturer or professional maintenance personnel. Any problems found should be corrected or repaired promptly. – Check the outriggers and stabilizers for stability and reliability: There should be no abnormal play on the cylinder pins, and the rubber pads should be worn no more than 1/2. Excessive wear or cracking should be replaced. After deploying the outriggers, the drill rig should remain stable in operation, without shaking or sinking.
6. Hydraulic System:
Check the color and cleanliness of the hydraulic oil and replace if necessary: Observe the color of the hydraulic oil; it should remain clear and transparent, free of emulsification or obvious impurities. Replace if it appears milky white (water ingress), dark brown (oxidation), or contains suspended particles.
Check the performance of the hydraulic pump, motor, and valves: After starting, touch the pump and motor housings. The normal operating temperature should generally not exceed 70°C. If it remains excessively high, check the cooling system. The reversing valve should operate smoothly and without sticking. The pressure protection function of the relief valve should be regularly calibrated by a professional.
7. Engine (if applicable):
Check the air filter, fuel filter, and oil filter: Check the air filter every 50 hours and clean or replace it based on dust conditions. Never use high-pressure air to blow from the inside out to avoid damaging the filter element. Generally, replace it every 200–500 hours, or as directed in the manufacturer’s manual, to prevent injector clogging.
Check the spark plugs (gasoline engines) or fuel injectors (diesel engines): Check that the electrode gap meets the requirements; replace if the electrode is severely eroded. Check the diesel injectors for leaks and carbon deposits. If necessary, send the engine to a qualified repair shop for atomization.
Check the exhaust system for unobstructed operation: Ensure the exhaust pipe is free of damage or carbon deposits, and that the muffler is functioning properly. Check the exhaust pipe mounting bolts for looseness to prevent exhaust leaks, fire hazards, and reduced power due to poor exhaust flow.
8. Maintenance Records:
Record all inspections and maintenance work, including date, work content, and performer. Create a “Water Well Drilling Rig Maintenance File” detailing maintenance time, equipment operating hours, replaced parts, and abnormality handling. This will be signed and confirmed by the performer to facilitate follow-up tracking and planning.
